Effect of the incorporation of dwarf genes on the yield of pan wheat in the dry subhumid pampas region

  • Miguel Ángel Fernández Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Agronomía

Keywords:

Triticum aestivum, stability, dwarfism genes

Abstract

Bread wheat cultivation is very important for the dry subhumid region, but its yield shows interannual instability. The objective of this work was to analyze in this region the effect of genetic improvement on yield stability and yield components in cultivars prior (old) and subsequent (modern) to the incorporation of dwarfism genes. The trials were carried out in Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina (36o 32’ 49” S; 64º 18’ 20” W) for 7 years, with 4 genotypes and 2 soil fertility conditions (0 and 100 kg.ha­

1 of urea). The grain yield was higher in modern cultivars than to the old ones, even in negative environmental indices; however, this difference did not cause a decrease in stability; and the response to nitrogen was similar in modern and old cultivars. The number of grains.m­2 explained in a greater proportion the variation in yield than the weight of a thousand grains; and within the first component it was observed that the number of grains per spike increased in a greater proportion than the number of spikes.m­2. The aerial biomass increased in the modern cultivars with respect to the old ones, but in less proportion than the harvest index and the plant height.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aggarwal, P. K. & Sinha, S. K. (1987). Performance of wheat and triticale varieties in a variable soil water environment. IV. Yield components and their association with grain yield. Field Crops Research, 17, 45­-53.

Acreche, M. M., Briceño­Félix,G., Sánchez, J. A. & Slafer, G. A. (2008). Physiological bases of genetic gains in Mediterranean bread wheat yield in Spain. European Journal of Agronomy, 28, 162­-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2007.07.001

Aliaga, V. S., Ferrelli, F. & Piccolo, M. C. (2017). Regionalization of climate over the Argentine Pampas. International Journal of Climatology, 37, 1237-­1247.

Austin, R. B. (1999). Yield of wheat in the United Kingdom: Recent advances and prospects. Crop Science, 39, 1604­-1610.

Austin, R. B., Bingham, J., Blackwell, R. D., Evans, L. T., Ford, M. A., Morgan, C. L. & Taylor, M. (1980). Genetic

improvements in winter wheat yields since 1900 and associated physiological changes. The Journal of agricultural Science, 94, 675-­689.

Bell, M. A. & Fischer, R. A. (1994). Guide to plant and crop sampling: measurements and observations for agronomic and physiological research in small grain cereals. Wheat Special Report 32. CIMMYT, D. F., México.

Blum, A., Sphiler, L., Golan, G. & Mayer, J. (1989). Yield stability and canopy temperature of wheat genotypes under drought stress. Field Crops Research, 22, 289­-296.

Calderini, D. F., Dreccer, M. F. & Slafer, G. A. (1995). Genetic improvement in wheat yield and associated traits: a re­examination of previous results and the latest trends. Plant Breeding, 114, 108-­112.

Chapman, S. C., Mathews, K. L., Trethowan, R. M. & Singh, R. (2007). Relationships between height and yield in near­isogenic spring wheats that contrast for major reduced height genes. Euphytica, 157, 391-­397.

Clarke, J. M., Campbell, C. A., Cutforth, H. W., DePauw, R. M. & Wilkleman, G. E. (1990). Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, translocation, and utilization efficiency of wheat in relation to environment and

cultivar yield and protein levels. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 70, 965­-977.

Díaz, R. A. & Mormeneo, I. (2002). Zonificación del clima de la Región Pampeana mediante análisis de conglomerados con consenso. Revista Argentina de Agrometeorología, 2, 125-­131.

Di Rienzo, J. A., Casanoves, F., Balzarini, M. G., González, L., Tablada, M. & Robledo, C. W. (2018). InfoStat versión (2018). Grupo InfoStat, FCA, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. URL http://www.infostat.com.ar

Fernández, M. A. (2007). Estrategias para mejorar el rendimiento de cereales graníferos invernales en la Región Semiárida Pampeana Central. [Tesis de Maestria Universidad Nacional del Sur] Bahía Blanca, Argentina.

Finlay, K. W. & Wilkinson, G. N. (1963). The analysis of adaptation in plant­breeding programme. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 14, 742-­754.

Fischer, R. A. & Maurer, R. (1978). Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. I. Grain yield responses. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 29, 897- ­912.

Fischer, R. A. & Stockman, Y. M. (1986). Increased kernel number in Norin 10­derived dwarf wheat: Evaluation of a cause. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 13, 767­-784.

Frederick, J. R. & Bauer, P. (1999). Physiological and numerical components of wheat yield. In E. H. Satorre & G. A. Slafer (Eds.). Wheat ecology and physiology of yield determination (pp. 45-­65). Food Products Press.

Lo Valvo, P. J., Miralles, D. J. & Serrago, R. A. (2018). Genetic progress in Argentine bread wheat varieties released between 1918 and 2011: Changes in physiological and numerical yield components. Field Crops Research, 221, 314­-321.

Loss, S. P. & Siddique, K. H. M. (1994). Morphological and physiological traits associated with wheat yield increases in Mediterranean environments. Advances in Agronomy, 52, 229-­276.

Miralles, D. J. & González, F. G. (2010). El trigo en Argentina: Perspectivas ecofisiológicas del pasado, presente y futuro para aumentar el rendimiento. XVII Congreso de AAPRESID. Rosario, Santa fe, Argentina.

MAGYP. (2019). Estimaciones agrícolas. http://datosestimaciones.magyp.gob.r/reportes.php?reporte=Estimaciones

Mathews, K. L., Chapman, S. C., Trethowan, R., Singh, R. P., Crossa, J., Pfeiffer, W., van Ginkel, M. & Delacy, I. H. (2006). Global adaptation of spring bread and durum wheat lines near­isogenic for major reduced height genes. Crop Science, 46, 603-­613.

Maydup, M. L. (2013). Contribución de la fotosíntesis de la espiga al rendimiento de trigo pan (Triticum aestivum) en condiciones limitadas por la disponibilidad de asimilados post­antesis. [Tesis doctoral, Fac. de Cs. Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata]. Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Miralles, D. J. & Slafer, G. A. (2007). Sink limitations to yield in wheat: how could it be reduced?.The Journal of Agricultural Science, 145, 139­-149.

Pascale, A. J. y Damario, E. A. (eds). (2004). Clasificación por tipos agroclimáticos del cultivo de trigo. En Bioclimatología agrícola y agroclimatología (pp. 418-­436). Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Rath, J., Conta, H. C., Tombetta, E. E., Kugler, W. F. y Moro, M. S. (1964). Descripción de las variedades de trigo cultivadas en la Argentina. Colección Agropecuaria del INTA. Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Rivas, C., Maturano, M., Camaño, A. & Caldiz, D. O. (1996). Determinantes fisiológicos del rendimiento, en condiciones de baja densidad de siembra, en cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) obtenidos en la Argentina en el período 1942­-1992. Revista de la facultad de Agronomía de La Plata, 101, 81-­89.

Rodriguez, O., Didonet, A. D., Lhamby, J. C. B., Teixeira, M. C. C. & Del Duca, L. J. (2002). Características fisiológicas associadas ao avanço no potencial de rendimento de grãos de trigo. Bol. Pesquisa Desemvolvimiento Online 6. Passo Fundo, Embrapa Trigo. http://www.cnpt.embrapa.br/biblio/p_bp06.html

Siddique, K. H. M., Belford, R. K., Perry, M. W. & Tennant, D. (1989). Growth, development and light interception of

ld and modern wheat cultivars in a Mediterranean­type environment. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 40, 473-­487.

Simane, B., Struik, P. C., Nachi, M. M. & Peacock, J. M. (1993). Ontogenetic analysis of yield components and yield stability of durum wheat in water­limited environments. Euphytica, 71, 211-­219.

Simmons, S. R. (1987). Growth, development, and physiology. En: E. G. Heyne (Ed.), Wheat and wheat improvement. Agronomy (2a edición, pp. 77­113). American Society of Agronomy ed. Simons, R. G. (1982). Tiller and ear production of winter wheat. Field Crops Abs, 35, 857­-870.

Slafer, G. A. & Andrade, F. H. (1989). Genetic improvement in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield in Argentina. Field Crops Research, 21, 289-­296.

Slafer, G. A. & Andrade, F. H. (1993). Physiological attributes related to the generation of grain yield in bread wheat cultivars released at different eras. Field Crops Research, 31, 351­-367.

Slafer, G. A., Satorre, E. H. & Andrade, F. H. (1993). Increases in grain yield bread wheat from breeding and associated physiological changes. En: G. A. Slafer (ed.), Genetic improvement of field crops (pp. 1­68). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.

Slafer, G., Savin, R. & V.O.Sadras. (2014). Coarse and fine regulation of wheat yield components in response to genotype and environment. Field Crops Research, 157, 1­83.

Soil Survey Staff. (2014). Claves para la Taxonomía de Suelos. Cap. 12: Molisoles. Dpto. Agric. de USAServ. Conservación Rec. Nat. (12nd ed.), USDA.

Waddington, S. R., Ransom, J. K., Osmanzai, M. & Saunders, D. A. (1986). Improvement in the yield potential of bread wheat adapted to northwest Mexico. Crop Science, 26, 698­-703.

Walsh, E. J. (1984) Developing yield potential of cereals. En E. J. Gallager (Ed.). Cereal Production (pp. 69­93). Butterworths, London.

Zadoks, J. C., Chang, T. T. & Konzak, C. F. (1974). A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research, 14, 415­-421.

Published

2021-07-14

How to Cite

Fernández, M. Ángel. (2021). Effect of the incorporation of dwarf genes on the yield of pan wheat in the dry subhumid pampas region. Semiárida, 31(2), 45–56. Retrieved from https://ojs.unlpam.edu.ar/index.php/semiarida/article/view/5989

Issue

Section

Artículos Científicos y Técnicos