Assessing the quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) for nitrate and dry matter contents
Keywords:
lettuce, nitrate, dry matter, European Commission LegislationAbstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a vegetable of global consumption and his production has been increasing. The nitrate content in leaves is an important aspect of his quality, closely related to consumer health. In order to assess the quality of lettuce produced under cover, in terms of dry matter and nitrate contents in order to establish whether there were differences between times and dates harvest. To compare them, if they were within the limits established by the legislation of the European Commission. The work was conducted between December 2005 and December 2006, in an establishment located in Toay, Province of La Pampa. The results were analyzed using ANOVA by arrangement factorial of the information. For comparison of treatment means Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05) was used. The experimental unit was 400 m2, which extracted 8 lettuce plants representative of the crop, at 9 and 17 h, in a bimonthly. Fresh weight, dry weight and nitrate content of each plant were determined. The results of the analysis of dry matter showed highly significant differences between times and dates, while for nitrate only significant differences between dates. All samples are below the limits established by the legislation of the European Commission.
Downloads
References
Blom-Zandstra, M. & A. Eenick, 1986. Nitrate concentration and reduction in different genotypes of lettuce. J. of American Society of Horticulture Science 111: 908-911.
Cataldo, D.A., M. Haaron, L. Schrader & V.L.Young.1975. Rapid colorimetric determination of nitrate in plant tissue by nitration of salicylic acid. Commun. S. Sci. and plant analysis. 6: 71-80.
Craddock, V.M. 1983. Nitrosamines and human cancer: proof of an association. Nature 306: 638.
Chow, W.S., M.C. Ball & J.M. Anderson. 1990. Growth and photosynthetic responses of spinach to salinity: implications of K+ nutrition for salt tolerance”. Aust. J. Plant Physiol., pp. 563-578.
Defilipis, C., S. Pariani, A. Jiménez & A. Bouzo. 2006. Respuesta al riego en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivada en invernadero. III jornadas de actualización en Riego y fertirriego. INTA Mendoza.www.inta.gov.ar/Mendoza/Jornadas/Trabajospresentados
Diario oficial de las comunidades europeas. 2002. Reglamento (CE) Nº 563/ 2002.Revisado en: http://europa.eu.int/eurlex/pri/es/oj/dat/2002/l_086/l_08620020403es00050006.pdf
Dich, J., R. Jivinen, P. Knekt & P. Pentil. (1996). Dietary intakes of nitrate, nitrite and NDMA in the Finish Mobile Clinick Health Examination Survey. Food Addit Contam 15: 541-552.
FSIS 63/04 September 2004. UK monitoring programme for nitrate in lettuce and spinach 2000-2002. Revisado en: www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/nitrates.pdf
FSIS 74/05. Food Survey Information Sheet. 2004. “UK monitoring programme for nitrate in lettuce and spinach”. en: www.food.gov.uk/science/surveillance
Granstedt, R. & R.C. Huffaker. 1982. Identification of the leaf vacuole as major nitrate storage pool. Plant Physiology 79: 410-413.
Hill, M. J. 1990. Nitrates and nitrites from food and water in relation to human disease. En: Ellis Wood (ed.) Food Science and Technology. London, pp. 163-193.
Loomis, R.S. & D.J. Connor. 2002. Crop ecology, productivity and management in agricultural systems. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA. 591p.
Maynard, D., A. Baker, P. Minotti & N. Peck. 1976. Nitrate accumulation in vegetables. Adv. Agron. 28: 71-118.
Mensinga, T., G. Speijers & J. Meulenbelt. 2003. Health implication of exposure to environmental nitrogenous compounds. Toxical Review 22:41-51.
Ministry of Agriculture, Food & Fisheries, MAFF. 1999. Nítrate in lettucce and spinach. Food Surveillance information sheet 177. 11p.
Muramoto, J. 1999. Comparison of nitrate content in leafy vegetables from organic and conventional farms in California. Revised version. Center for Agroecology and Sustainable Food System. University of California. Santa Cruz. Santa Cruz, CA 95064. 64 p.
Pannala, A.S., A.R. Mani, J.P. Spencer, V. Skinner, K.R. Bruckdorfer, K.P. Moore & C.A Rice – Evans. 2003. The effect on dietary nitrate on salivary, plasma, and urinary nitrate metabolism in humans. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 34: 576-584.
SAGPyA e INDEC 2002. Superficie implantada a campo o bajo cubierta por especie, según Provincia. Total del país.
Santamaría P. 2006. Review. Nitrate in vegetables: toxicity content, intake and EC regulation. J. Sci. Food Agric. 86: 10-17.
Socaciu, C. & A. Stanila, 2007. In Case Studies in Food Safety and Enviromental Health. Pag. 11-19 http://www.springerlink.com.Content/g4hk266n488g5605.
Steingröver, E., W. Steenhuizen & J. Van der Boon. 1993. Effect of low light intensities at night on nitrate accumulation in lettuce grown on a recirculating nutrient solution. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 41, pp. 13-21.
Turazi, C., A. Junqueiras, S. Oliveiras & L. Borgo. 2006. Acúmulo de nitrato em alface en funcao da abudacao,horário de colheita e tempo de armazenamento. Hoerticultura brasileira24:65 -70.
van Maanen, J. M., M. F. Danielle, M. Pachen, J. W. Dallingaand & J. C. Kleinjans. 1998. Formation of nitrosamines during consumption of Nitrate and amine-rich food, and the influence of the use of mouthwashes. Cancer detection and prevention 22:204 – 212.
Vermeer, I. T., D. M. Pachen, J. W. Dallinga, J. C. kleinjans & J. M. van Maanen. 1998. Volatile N – nitrosamine formation after intake of nitrate at the ADI level in combination with amine- rich diet. Enviroment Health Perspect.: 106: 459-463.
Volonteri, H. & O. Jonas. 1981. La determinación del N en materiales biológicos. Bol. Centro Pampeano de Estudios en Cs. Naturales y Agronómicas. 2: 23-30.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
La Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de La Pampa (EdUNLPam) exigirá a los/as autores/as la firma del siguiente documento:
La EdUNLPam lleva a cabo la publicación del artículo: (Título del Artículo) en SEMIÁRIDA Rev.Fac.Agron UNLPam ISSN 2362-4337 (impresa) ISSN 2408-4077 (en línea), del cual el/los abajo firmantes son autores de una o más partes. En el mismo acto, el/los autores entregan exclusivamente a la EdUNLPam todos sus derechos protegidos por las leyes de propiedad intelectual que rigen en la Argentina para reproducir, publicar, editar, fijar, comunicar y transmitir públicamente en cualquier formato o medio impreso o electrónico, inclusive internet, el artículo enviado a publicación e incluirlo en índices o bases de datos nacionales e internacionales. A cambio, la EdUNLPam entrega a los autores la autorización para la publicación o reimpresión con ines académicos y educativos en cualquier libro o medio de divulgación, con la sola obligación de citar el artículo original publicado en la EdUNLPam. Cada autor acuerda en que el material provisto a la EdUNLPam es un trabajo original, que no ha sido impreso o publicado en cualquier otro medio con anterioridad y que no vulnera derechos de terceros. El Primer autor tendrá la posibilidad de leer y corregir el artículo ya editado como “prueba de galera”, pero si el autor no devolviera esas correcciones de la prueba de galera dentro del tiempo especificado, el proceso de producción y publicación podrá proseguir sin la aprobación del autor. El/los autor/es no recibirán compensación monetaria de la EdUNLPam por el uso del material contenido en este artículo y asumen la responsabilidad de las opiniones vertidas en él.
.png)
22.png)
.jpg)
.jpg)
