Estudio de asociación del polimorfismo del gen de clase II BoLA-DQA1 con resistencia/ susceptibilidad a mastitis en ganado Holstein de la provincia de La Pampa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19137/cienvet202224101Palabras clave:
BoLA-DQA1, resistencia, susceptibilidad, mastitis, células somáticasResumen
La mastitis es una enfermedad frecuente en el ganado lechero que conduce a una disminución en la producción y a un incremento en los
costos sanitarios. Esta enfermedad puede evaluarse a través del número de glóbulos blancos por mililitro de leche, conocido como conteo de células somáticas (CCS). La variabilidad alélica de los genes del Complejo Principal de Histocompatibilidad Bovino (Bovine Leukocyte Antigen,
BoLA) se ha asociado con resistencia y susceptibilidad a enfermedades infecciosas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue estudiar el polimorfismo del gen de clase II BoLA-DQA1 y su asociación con resistencia /susceptibilidad a mastitis medida a través del CCS en leche de ganado Holstein de la provincia de La Pampa. La población se dividió en: 1) grupo caso, con alto CCS y presencia de mastitis (≥ 250.000 cel/ml, susceptible) y 2) grupo control, con bajo CCS (< 250.000 cel/ml, resistente). El BoLADQA1 se genotipo en 60 animales mediante PCR-RFLP y PCR-SBT. El test exacto de Fisher y Odds Ratio (OR) de Woolf-Haldane se utilizaron para estudiar la asociación entre el CCS y las variantes alélicas. Se detectaron 16 alelos del gen BoLA-DQA1 y el alelo BoLA-DQA1*0101 evidenció un OR de 4 (p = 0,058). Se destaca la importancia de los alelos del BoLADQA1 para seleccionar animales resistentes a enfermedades.
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