Effect of cover crop use on a continuous soybean sequence in the pampean semiarid region

  • Romina Fernández INTA Anguil
  • Cristian Osvaldo Alvarez INTA Anguil
  • Elias Reinaldo Eggmann Owen Actividad privada
  • Alberto Raul Quiroga INTA Anguil, Fac de Agronomía UNLPam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19137/semiarida.2020(02).37-49

Keywords:

water content; cover crops decomposition; organic matter;

Abstract

The objectives were to quantify its effect on the yield of the successor summer crop, to evaluate the dynamics of the decomposition of rye residues from a fertilized and unfertilized cover crop (CC), and to evaluate the cumulative effect of 5 years of rye CC in a rotation with a high incidence of soybean on the soil organic matter contents. The study was carried out on a petrocalcic Paleustoll, located in the Southern Plain of the Semiarid Pampa Region. The experiment was part of a long term trial where in 2010 two treatments for soybean management were installed, continuous soybean without CC and soybeans in rotation with CC. In 2018 an experimental design was established where plots were arranged in completely randomized blocks and 4 management treatments for soybean cultivation were established: continuous soybean without CC, soybean in rotation with CC without fertilization, fertilized with 60 kg N.ha-1, and with 120 kg N.ha-1. Nitrogen fertilization in the CC improved the capture rate of both carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. The results showed that 40% carbon, 60% nitrogen, and 61% phosphorus contained in aboveground biomass were lost from the CC from drying to soybean harvest. The highest soybean yields were recorded in the rotation with fertilized CC, due to a positive effect between the higher soil water content in the early stages of cultivation due to a greater amount of residues, and also by the contribution of different nutrients during the soybean crop cycle.  The long term trial showed that after 5 years of cover crops in the soybean rotation there was no effect on the organic matter contents.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Romina Fernández, INTA Anguil

Tecnica investigadora de EEA INTA Anguil

Cristian Osvaldo Alvarez, INTA Anguil

Técnico de la AER G. Pico

Alberto Raul Quiroga, INTA Anguil, Fac de Agronomía UNLPam

Técnico investigador de INTA Anguil, Docente de la Fac Agr UNLPam

References

Álvarez, C., Rillo, S. & Noellemeyer, E. (2012). Efecto de la inclusión de cultivo de cobertura sobre la productividad del cultivo de soja en el centro oeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Congreso de soja.

Álvarez, C., Scianca, C., Barraco, M. y Díaz-Zorita, M. (2008). Impacto del manejo de cereales de cobertura invernal sobre propiedades edáficas y producción de soja. XXI Congreso Argentino de la Ciencia del Suelo. Potrero de los Funes (San Luis), Argentina.

Blake, G. & Hartge K. (1986). Bulk density. En A. Klute Ed. Methods of Soil Analysis-Physical and Mineralogical Methdos 2ne ed (pp. 363-375). American Society of Agronomy. Madison, USA.

Blanco-Canqui, H., Wienholdb, B. J., Jin, L. V., Schmer M. R. & Kibet, L. C. (2017). Long-term tillage impact on soil hydraulic properties. Soil tillage research, 170, 38-42

Bray, R. H. & Kurtz, L. T. (1945). Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Scence, 59, 39-46.

Cabrera, M. L. (2007). Mineralización y nitrificación: procesos claves en el ciclo del nitrógeno. IPNI. Informaciones Agronómicas del Cono Sur, 34, 1-9.

Cambardella, C. & Elliott, E. (1993). Methods for physical separation and characterization of soil organic matter fractions. Geoderma, 56, 449-457.

Di Rienzo, J., Casanoves, F., Balzarini, M., Gonzalez, L., Tablada, M. & Robledo, C. (2013). Infostat - Sofware estadístico. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.

Ding, G., Liu, X., Herbert, S., Novak, J., Amarasiriwardena, D. & Xing, B. (2006). Effect of cover crop management on soil organic matter. Geoderma, 130, 229-239.

Duval, M. E., Galantini, J. A., Capurro, J. E. & Martinez, J. M. (2016). Winter cover crops in soybean monoculture: Effects on soil organic carbon and its fractions. Soil Tillage Research, 161, 95-105. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2016.04.006

Duval, M. E., Capurro, J. E., Galantini, J. A. & Andriani, J. M. (2015). Utilización de cultivos de cobertura en monocultivo de soja : efectos sobre el balance hídrico y orgánico. Ciencia del suelo, 33, 247-261.

Fernandez, R., Furch, N., Bissolino, M., Frasier, I., Scherger, E. & Quiroga, A. (2020). Contribución de las pasturas perennes en la fertilidad física y biológica en molisoles de la Región Semiárida Pampeana. Ciencia del Suelo, 38, 1-16.

Fernández, R., Quiroga, A., Álvarez, C., Lobartini, C. y Noellemeyer, E. (2016). Valores umbrales de algunos indicadores de calidad de suelos en molisoles de la región semiárida pampeana. Ciencia del Suelo, 34, 279-292.

Fernández, R., Noellemeyer, E. & Quiroga, A. (2012). Cultivo de cobertura, ¿una alternativa viable para la región Semiárida pampeana? Ciencia del suelo, 30, 137-150.

Fernandez, R., Quiroga, A., Noellemeyer, E., Funaro, D., Montoya, J., Hitzmann, B. & Peinemann, N. (2008). A study of the effect of the interaction between site-specific conditions, residue cover and weed control on water storage during fallow. Agricultural Water Management, 95, 1028-1040.

Fernández, R., Fernández, D., Frasier I., Uhaldegaray, M., Oderiz, A. Scherger, E. y Quiroga, A. (2017). Importancia de las gramíneas en secuencias agrícolas con alta incidencia de oleaginosas en la región semiárida pampeana. Simposio INPOFOS-Asociación Civil Fertilizar. Rosario.

Follett, R. (2001). Soil management concepts and carbon sequestrationzin cropland soils. Soil Tillage Research, 61, 77-92.

Frasier, I., Quiroga, A. & Noellemeyer, E. (2016). Effect of different cover crops on C and N cycling in sorghum NT systems. Science of the Total Environment, 562, 628-639.

Heal, O., Anderson, J. & Swift, M. (1997). Plant litter quality and decomposition: an historical overview. In: G. adisch & K. E. Giller (ed.) Driven by nature: Plant litter quality and decomposition (pp. 3–30). CAB Int., Cambridge, Reino Unido.

Jian, J., Du, X., Reiter, M. S. & Stewart, R. D. (2020). A meta-analysis of global cropland soil carbon changes due to cover cropping. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 143, 107-735. https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.107735

Johnson, J. M. F., Barbour N. W. & Weyers, S. L. (2007). Chemical composition of crop biomass impacts its decomposition. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 71, 155-162.

Krüger, H., Moreira, F., Giménez, F., López, J., Tranier, E., Real Ortellado, M., Mayo, A. y Labarthe, F. (2014). Verdeos de Invierno: utilización de verdeos de invierno en planteos ganaderos del sudoeste bonaerense (pp. 5-26). Ediciones INTA 2014.

Ha, K. V., Marschner, P. & Bünemann, E. K. (2008). Dynamics of C, N, P and microbial community composition in particulate soil organic matter during residue decomposition. Plant Soil, 303, 253-264. https://www.doi.org/10.1007/ s11104-007-9504-1.

Idowu, O. J., Van, E. S., Abawi, G. S., Wolfe, D. W., Schindelbeck, R. R., Moebius-Clune, B. N. & Gugino, B. K. (2009). Use of an integrative soil health test for evaluation of soil management impacts. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems, 24, 214-224. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170509990068

López, F. (2017). Dinámica de la cobertura de residuos en suelos bajo siembra directa: relación con la humedad del suelo y la transformación de las fracciones orgánicas lábiles (Tesis Doctoral) Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina.

López, M. & Arrué, J. (1997). Growth, yield and water use efficiency of winter barley in response to conservation tillage in a semi-arid region of Spain. Soil Tillage Research, 44, 35-54.

Lupwayi, N., Clayton, G., O’Donovan, J., Harker, K.,Turkington, T. & Soon, Y. (2007). Phosphorus release during decomposition of crop residues under conventional and zero tillage. Soil Tillage Research, 95, 231-239.

Quiroga, A., Funaro, D., Noellemeyer, E. & Peinemann, N. (2006). Barley yield response to soil organic matter andntexture in the Pampas of Argentina. Soil Tillage Research, 90, 63-68.

Quiroga, A.,Oderiz, A., Uhaldegaray, M., Alvarez, C, Scherger, E., Fernández, R. & Frasier, I. (2016). Influencia del manejo sobre indicadores físico-hídricos de compactación de suelos. Semiárida, Revista Facultad de Agronomía UNLPam, 26, 21-28. https://doi.org/10.19137/semiarida.2016(02).19-26

Malik, M. A., Marschner, P. & Khan, K. S. (2012). Addition of organic and inorganic P sources to soil–Effects on P pools and microorganisms. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 49, 106-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.013

Mathews, O. & Army, T. (1960). Moisture storage on fallow wheatland in the Great Plains. Soil Science Society of America, Proceedings, 24, 414-418.

Mulvaney, M., Wood, C., Balkcom, K., Shannon D. & Kemple, J. (2010). Carbon and nitrogen mineralization and persistence of organic residues under conservation and conventional tillage. Agronomy Journal, 102, 1425-1433.

Ndiaye, E. L., Sandeno, J. M., McGrath, D. & Dick, R. P. (2000). Integrative biological indicators for detecting change in soil quality. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture, 15, 26. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0889189300008432

Nelson, D. & Sommers, L. (1996). Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter. En: C. Black, D. Evans, J. White, L. Ensminger & F. Clark (eds). Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (pp. 961–1010). Soil Sci. So. Am. and Am. Soc. Agron. Madison, USA.

Noellemeyer, E., Fernández, R. & Quiroga, A. (2013). Crop and tillage effects on water productivity of dryland agriculture in Argentina. Agriculture, 3, 1-11.

Noellemeyer, E., Quiroga, A. & Estelrich, D. (2006). Soil quality in three range soils of the semiarid Pampa of Argentina. Journal of Arid Environments, 65, 142-155.

Poeplau, C. & Don, A. (2015). Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils via cultivation of cover crops - a meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 200, 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.10.024

Raposo, J. (2017). Fertilización nitrogenada en el centeno (Secale cereale) utilizado como cultivo de cobertura (Tesis de grado Ing Agrónomo). Facultad Agronomía, UNLPam.

Reicosky, D. C & Heatherly, L. G. (1990). Soybean. En B. A. Stewart & D. R. Nielsen (Eds). Irrigation of agricultural crops (pp. 639-674). Agronomy N 30. ASA, CSSA y SSSA. Wisconsin. USA.

Restovich, S. B., Andriulo, A. E & Portela, S. I. (2012). Introduction of cover crops in a maize -soybean rotation of the humid pampas: effects in nitrogen and water dynamics. Field Crops Research, 128, 62-70.

Ruffo, M. & Bollero, G. (2003). Residue decomposition and prediction of carbon and nitrogen release rates based on biochemical fractions using principal component regression. Agronomy Journal, 95, 1034-1040.

Sainju, U. M., Whitehead, W. F. & Singh, B. P. (2003). Cover crops and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil aggregation and carbon and nitrogen pools. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 83, 155-165.

Sá Pereira, E. de, Duval, M. & Galantini, J. (2017). Decomposition from legume and non-legume crop residues: Effects on soil organic carbon fractions under controlled conditions. Spanish Journal of Soil Science, 7, 86-96.

Sánchez, S., Studdert, G. & Echeverría, H. (1996). Descomposición de residuos en un Argiudol típico. Ciencia del Suelo, 14, 63-68.

Uhaldegaray, M. (2012). Cultivo de cobertura como antecesor del cultivo de maíz en la región semiárida pampeana (Tesis de grado Ing Agrónomo). Facultad Agronomía, UNLPam.

Varela, M. F., Barraco, M., Gili, A., Taboada, M. A. & Rubio, G. (2017). Biomass Decomposition and Phosphorus Release from Residues of Cover Crops under No-Tillage. Agronomy Journal, 109, 317. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.03.0168.

White, M., Álvarez, C., Bagnato, R. y Lienhard, C. P. (2014). Productividad del cultivo de soja bajo diferentes ambientes semiáridos pampeanos. XXIV Congreso Argentino de la Ciencia del Suelo. Bahía Blanca, Argentina.

Published

2020-10-27

How to Cite

Fernández, R., Alvarez, C. O., Eggmann Owen, E. R., & Quiroga, A. R. (2020). Effect of cover crop use on a continuous soybean sequence in the pampean semiarid region. Semiárida, 30(2), 37–49. https://doi.org/10.19137/semiarida.2020(02).37-49

Issue

Section

Artículos Científicos y Técnicos